The Bypass That Wasn’t: How the Hormuz Crisis Exposed a $40 Billion Paper Shield
Key Takeaways Saudi Arabia’s East-West pipeline was running at 35% utilization before the Hormuz crisis — leaving 4.5 million b/d of theoretical bypass capacity effectively dormant Goldman Sachs estimated only ~900,000 b/d was actually rerouted in the first four days of disruption, against a theoretical ceiling of 3.6 million b/d on the Saudi line alone … Read more